Chapter Eight On the Rights and Obligations of Russian Subjects

  1. Conditions for acquiring the rights of Russian citizenship, as well as the loss thereof, are determined by law.
  2. The defense of the Throne and of the Fatherland is a sacred obligation of every Russian subject. The male population, irrespective of social status, is subject to military service in accordance with lawful decrees.
  3. Russian subjects are obliged to pay legally instituted taxes and dues, and also to perform other duties in accordance with lawful decrees.
  4. No one can be subject to prosecution for a criminal act, except by procedures determined by law.
  5. No one can be arrested, except in circumstances determined by law.
  6. No one can be tried and punished except for criminal acts, governed by criminal laws in force during the perpetration of these acts, provided newly enacted laws do not exclude the perpetrated acts from the list of crimes.
  7. The dwelling of every individual is inviolable. Conducting searches and seizures without the consent of the owner is permissible only in circumstances and by procedures defined by law.
  8. Every Russian subject has the right freely to select his place of dwelling and profession, to acquire and dispose of property, and to travel abroad without any hindrance. Specific laws place limitations on these rights.
  9. Private property is inviolable. Forcible expropriation of immovable property, when it is required for State or public use is permissible only upon just and proper compensation.
  10. Russian subjects have the right to organize meetings for purposes that are not contrary to law, that are peaceful and unarmed. The law defines the conditions under which meetings take place, the procedures for concluding them, as well as the limitations on venues.
  11. Within the limits established by law everyone can express his thoughts verbally or in writing, and can also promulgate them through publications or other means.
  12. Russian subjects have the right to organize associations and unions for purposes not contrary to laws. The conditions for organizing associations and unions, the manner of their activities, the terms and rules for acquiring legal status, as well as the procedure for terminating associations and unions, are defined by law.
  13. Russian subjects enjoy religious freedom. The conditions for making use of this freedom are defined by law.
  14. Foreigners residing in Russia enjoy the rights of Russian subjects within limitations established by law.
  15. Specific laws define exceptions to the rules expounded in this chapter regarding localities under martial law or under exceptional circumstances.

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